902: Overview of Laboratory Interpretation

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of this section, you will have mastered the following learning objectives:

1. Give the normal values for each of the following laboratory tests:
   Serum sodium
   Serum potassium
   Serum chloride
   CO2 content
   Serum calcium
   Serum phosphorus
   LDH
   SGOT
   Serum glucose
   Bilirubin
   BUN
   Creatinine
   RBC
   Hematocrit
   Hemoglobin
   WBC
   Differential
2. Indicate the importance of each of the following electrolytes in maintaining various body functions:
   Serum sodium
   Serum potassium
   Serum chloride
   CO2 content
   Serum calcium
   Serum phosphorus
3. Identify clinical conditions that can produce an increase or decrease in each of the following electrolytes:
   Serum sodium
   Serum potassium
   Serum chloride
   CO2 content
   Serum calcium
   Serum phosphorus
4. Indicate the primary role of glucose in the body.
5. Name the primary condition responsible for an elevated serum glucose.
6. Recognize clinical conditions that can produce an increase or decrease in each of the following enzymes:
   LDH
   SGOT
7. Name the physiologic mechanism responsible for bilirubin production.
8. Indicate clinical conditions that can produce an increased bilirubin.
9. Describe the normal physiology associated with the production of the following substances:
   Urea
   Creatinine
10. Identify the significance of an elevation in the following substances:
    BUNM/LI>
    Creatinine
11. Recognize the clinical conditions that can cause the following laboratory manifestations:
    Polycythemia
    Anemia
    Increased hematocrit
    Decreased hematocrit
    Decreased hemoglobin
12. Indicate the two measurements that are normally given for the WBCs.
13. Identify the role of each of the following types of WBCs and indicate the significance of an increase in each:
    Neutrophils
    Eosinophils
    Basophils
    Lymphocytes
    Monocytes
14. Recognize the significance of each of the following microbiology tests:
    Gram stain
    Culture
    Sensitivity
    Acid-fast
15. Classify common bacteria according to their gram stain.

(47 pages)